A synergistic formula of 6 rainforest botanicals which are traditionally used in South America for syphilis (a type of spirochete bacteria) and other bacterial conditions.* This product was featured in an article by the Health Sciences Institute (see page 4).

For more information on the individual ingredients in the Spiro formula, follow the links provided below to the plant database files in the Tropical Plant Database. Raintree Nutrition's Spiro Extract is made with 40% alcohol to extract and preserve the active ingredients found in these rainforest plants. The extraction methods used provides the equivalent of approximately 500 mgs of potent rainforest herbs per milliliter of extract - resulting in a highly potent concentrated extract rich in active and beneficial phytochemicals which occur naturally in these plants. This product is backed by Raintree's unconditional guarantee.

Ingredients: A proprietary blend of chanca piedra whole herb (Phyllanthus niruri), Bellaco caspi bark (Himatanthus sucuuba), tamamuri bark (Brosimum acutifolium), matico leaf (Piper aduncum), huacapu bark (Minquartia guianensis), and ajos sacha bark & leaf (Mansoa alliacea) extracted in distilled water and 40% ethanol.
Suggested Use: Take 60 drops (2 ml) 2-3 times daily or as directed by a health care practitioner.
Contraindications: None reported.
Drug Interactions: None reported.
Other Practitioner Observations:

• All of the plants in this formula have demonstrated antimicrobial effects in laboratory studies. Supplementing the diet with probiotics and digestive enzymes is advisable when this formula is used for longer than 30 days.

This proprietary Raintree product has not been the subject of any clinical research. A partial listing of the published research on each herbal ingredient in the formula is shown below. Please refer to the plant database files by clicking on the plant names below to see all available documentation and research.

Chanca Piedra (Phyllanthus niruri)
Subeki, S., et al. "Anti-babesial and anti-plasmodial compounds from Phyllanthus niruri." J. Nat. Prod. 2005; 68(4): 537-9.
Mazumder, A., et al. "Antimicrobial potentiality of Phyllanthus amarus against drug resistant pathogens." Nat. Prod. Res. 2006; 20(4): 323-6.
Okigbo, R. N., et al. "Antimicrobial effects of Piper guineense 'Uziza' and Phyllantus amarus 'Ebe-benizo' on Candida albicans and Streptococcus faecalis." Acta Microbiol. Immunol. Hung. 2007 Dec; 54(4): 353-66.
Farouk, A., et al. "Antimicrobial activity of certain Sudanese plants used in folkloric medicine. Screening for antibacterial activity (I)." Fitoterapia 1983; 54(1): 3-7.
Kloucek, P., et al. "Antibacterial screening of some Peruvian medicinal plants used in Calleria District." J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jun; 99(2): 309-12.

Bellaco Caspi (Himatanthus sucuuba, lancifolius)
Souza, W., et al. "Antimicrobial activity of alkaloidal fraction from barks of Himatanthus lancifolius." Fitoterapia. 2004 Dec; 75(7-8): 750-3.
Tundis, R., et al. "Biological and pharmacological activities of iridoids: recent developments." Mini. Rev. Med. Chem. 2008; 8(4): 399-420.
Little, J., et al. "Plumericin; an antimicrobial agent from Plumeria multiflora." Arch. Biochem. 1951; 30(2): 445-52.
Persinos-Perdue, G., et al. " South American plants. III. Isolation of fulvoplumierin from Himatanthus sucuuba (Apocynaceae). J. Pharm. Sci. 1978; 67: 1322.
Wood, C. A., et al. "A bioactive spirolactone iridoid and triterpenoids from Himatanthus sucuuba." Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2001; 49(11): 1477-1478.
De Silva, J. R., et al. "Triterpenic esters from Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson." Quimica Nova 1998; 21(6): 702-704.
Castillo, D., et al. Spirolactone iridoids might be responsible for the antileishmanial activity of a Peruvian traditional remedy made with Himatanthus sucuuba (Apocynaceae)." J. Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Jun; 112(2): 410-4.

Tamamuri (Brosimum acutifolium)
Tundis, R., et al. "Biological and pharmacological activities of iridoids: recent developments." Mini. Rev. Med. Chem. 2008 Apr;8(4):399-420.
Herforth, A., et al. "Amazonian Women's Medicine: Treatments for Mycoses." Poster: Society for Economic Botany 2002 vol 56(4).
Herforth, A., et al. " Antifungal plants of the Peruvian Amazon: A survey of ethnomedical uses and biological activity." Cornel University Publication 2002
Takashima, J., et al. "Brosimacutins J-M, four new flavonoids from Brosimum acutifolium and their cytotoxic activity." Planta Med. 2005; 71(7): 654-8.
Takashima J, et al. "Mururins A-C, three new lignoids from Brosimum acutifolium and their protein kinase inhibitory activity. Planta Med. 2002; 68(7): 621-5.

Matico (Piper aduncum)
Batista, J.M., Jr., et al. "Natural chromenes and chromene derivatives as potential anti-trypanosomal agents." Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2008 Mar;31(3):538-40.
Braga, F. G., et al. "Antileishmanial and antifungal activity of plants used in traditional medicine in Brazil." J. Ethnopharmacol. 2007 May 4;111 (2):396-402.
Orjala, J., et al. "New monoterpene-substituted dihydrochalcones from Piper aduncum." Helv. Chim. Acta 1993; 76(4): 1481-1488.
Kloucek, P., et al. "Antibacterial screening of some Peruvian medicinal plants used in Calleria district." J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jun; 99(2): 309-12.
Lemos, T. L. G., et al. "Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Brazilian plants." Phytother. Res. 1990; 4(2): 82-84.
Lentz, D. L., et al. "Antimicrobial properties of Honduran medicinal plants." J. Ethnopharmacol. 1998; 63(3): 253-263.
Trillini, B., et al. "Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Piper angustifolium." Planta Med. 1996; 62(4): 372-373.
Orjala, J., et al. "Cytotoxic and antibacterial dihydrochalcones from Piper aduncum." J. Nat. Prod. 1994; 57(1): 18-26.
Orjala, J., et al. "Three new prenylated benzoic acid derivatives and molluscicidal sesquiterpenoids from Piper aduncum leaves." Planta Med. Suppl. 1992; 58(1) A714-.
Orjala, J., et al. "Five new prenylated p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives with antimicrobial and molluscicidal activity from Piper aduncum leaves." Planta Med. 1993; 59(6): 546-551.
Orjala, J., et al. "Aduncamide, a cytotoxic and antibacterial beta-phenylethylamine-derived amide from Piper aduncum." Nat. Prod. Lett. 1993; 2(3): 231-236.

Huacapu (Minquartia guianensis)
Rashid, M. A., et al. "Absolute stereochemistry and anti-HIV activity of minquartynoic acid, a polyacetylene from Ochanostachys amentacea." Nat. Prod. Lett. 2001; 15(1): 21-26 . El-Seedi, H. R., et al. "Triterpenes, lichexanthone and an acetylenic acid from Minquartia guianensis." Phytochemistry. 1994; 35 (5): 1297-1299. Jovel, E. M., et al. "An ethnobotanical study of the traditional medicine of the Mestizo people of Suni Mirano, Loreto, Peru." J. Ethnopharmacol. 1996; 53: 149-156. Rasmussem, H. B., et al. "Absolute configuration and antiprotozoal activity of minquartynoic acid." J. Nat. Prod. 2000; 63(9): 1295-1296.

Ajos Sach (Mansoa alliacea, Adenocaymma alliaceum)
Canapaty, S., et al. "Composition of leaf oil from Adenocalymma alliaceum and its antimicrobial activity." Indian Perfumer 2004; 48(3): 323-329.
Rao, A. M., et al. "Antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Adenocalymma alliaceum." Indian Drugs. 1985: 22(7): 364-365.
Silva, T. M., et al. "Molluscicidal activities of six species of Bignoniaceae from north-eastern Brazil, as measured against Biomphalaria glabrata under laboratory conditions." Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 2007 Jun; 101(4):359-65.
Rana, B. K., et al. "Antifungal activity of an aqueous extract of leaves of garlic creeper (Adenocaymma alliaceum Miers.)." Pharmaceutical Biol. 1999; 37(1):. 13-16.
Singh, U. P., et al. "A rapid method for detecting fungi-toxic substances." World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 1996; 12(3): 301-302.
Khurana, S., et al. "Effect of plant extracts on the activity of three papaya viruses." J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 1970; 16: 225-230.
Ushamalini, C., et al. "Management of charcoal rot of cowpea using biocontrol agents and plant products." Indian Phytopathol. 1997; 50(4): 504-507.
Ushamalini, C., et al. "Suppression of charcoal rot and wilt pathogens of cowpea by botanicals." Plant Disease Research 1997; 12(2): 113-117.

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